Aircraft Carrier Hornet (Essex-class)

Hornet (Essex-class)

國家	美國
艦級	Essex 級航空母艦
造船廠	Newport News Shipbuilding
安放龍骨日期	1942年8月3日
下水日期	1943年8月30日
服役日期	1943年11月29日
除役日期	1947年1月15日
排水量	27,100 tons standard; 36,380 tons full
長度	872 feet
寬度	147 feet
吃水	34 feet
動力來源	8 boilers, 4 Westinghouse geared steam turbines, 4 shafts
燃料儲存量	6,330t fuel oil; 240,000gal aviation fuel
功率	150,000 shaft horsepower
速度	33 knots
續航力	20,000nm at 15 knots
乘員	2,600
武裝	4x twin 5in, 4x5in, 8x quad 40mm, 46x20mm
裝甲	2.5in to 4in belt, 1.5in hangar, 4in bulkheads, 1.5in STS top and sides of pilot house, 2.5in top of
Aircraft	90
Elevator	3 (1 deck edge, 2 centerline)

Contributor: C. Peter Chen

ww2dbaseOriginally named Kearsarge, the ship was renamed Hornet in honor of the carrier Hornet that was lost during the Solomons Campaign in Oct 1942. Her shakedown training took place off Bermuda. On 14 Feb 1944 she sailed from Norfolk, VA to join the Fast Carrier Task Force in the Marshalls. Her aircraft supported the invasion on New Guinea, bombarded Japanese bases in the Caroline Islands, and supported the landings on the Marianas Islands by striking Japanese bases on Iwo Jima and Chichi Jima on 15-16 Jun 1944 to prevent their aircraft from reinforcing the Marianas. On 18 Jun, Hornet participated in the Battle of the Philippine Sea, as known to the Americans as the Great Marianas Turkey Shoot. After raids on Japanese bases on Guam, Bonin, the Palau Islands, Okinawa, and Taiwan, she then supported the landings on Leyte, Philippines on 20 Oct 1944, and participated in the Battle off Samar by supporting the overwhelmed American fleet with air support. Near the end of the war, Hornet's aircraft raided the Japanese home islands and supporting the landings on Iwo Jima and Okinawa.

ww2dbaseAs a carrier operating near Japan, Hornet was a prime target for whatever air power Japan had left. During the last 16 months of the war, she sustained 59 air attacks. However, her pilots had much to show for as well. During this time her pilots destroyed 1,410 Japanese aircraft and sank 1,269,710 tons worth of Japanese shipping.

ww2dbaseAfter the war, Hornet participated in Operation Magic Carpet that brought American service men back to the United States. She returned to San Francisco on 9 Feb 1946 and became decommissioned there in Jan 1947. She was recommissioned in 1951 for tension with Communist expansion in China and remained generally in the Pacific area on a wide array of missions, including the recovery of manned and unmanned spaceships of the Apollo program. She was decommissioned in 1970 and became a museum ship in 1998 at the former Alameda Naval Air Station in Alameda, California, United States.

ww2dbaseSource: Wikipedia.

Last Major Revision: Mar 2006

Aircraft Carrier Hornet (Essex-class) 互動地圖

Photographs

US Secretary of Navy Frank Knox and wife Annie Reid Knox at the christening ceremony of USS Hornet, Newport News shipyard, Newport News, Virginia, United States, 30 Aug 1943

USS Hornet (Essex-class) laying off Norfolk Navy Yard, Portsmouth, Virginia, United States, 19 Dec 1943 shortly after commissioning showing off her MS33/3a paint scheme. Photo 1 of 4.

See all 55 photographs of Aircraft Carrier Hornet (Essex-class)

Maps

Chart created aboard the USS Hornet (Essex-class) showing the state of the weather in the Philippine Sea at 1500/I on 4 Jun 1945 and showing Typhoon Connie’s track between 1 and 6 Jun 1945.

Videos

Typhoon Connie damage carrier USS Bennington (0:00-1:38) and aircraft launching over the stern from typhoon damaged USS Hornet (Essex-class; 1:38-3:17), 6 Jun 1945.

Hornet (Essex-class) Operational Timeline

1943年11月29日	USS Hornet was commissioned into service at the Norfolk Navy Yard, Portsmouth, Virginia with Miles Browning in command.
1944年5月29日	William Sample became the commanding officer of USS Hornet, relieving Miles Browning.
1944年6月20日	At 1130 hours, the Japanese Mobile Fleet, withdrawing west from the losses sustained on the previous day during the Battle of the Philippine Sea, paused to refuel from tankers while Vice Admiral Jisaburo Ozawa transferred his flag aboard Zuikaku. At 1500 hours, cruiser Atago reported seeing an American scout plane, and Ozawa ordered the refueling to be stopped and the fleet was to sail to the northwest at the speed of 24 knots. At 1725 hours, a large incoming American strike was detected. The Japanese mustered 17 fighters for defense, while the Haguro, Myoko, Yahagi, and seven destroyers formed a tight circle around Zuikaku. 95 American fighters, 54 torpedo bombers (most of which were armed with bombs rather than torpedoes), and 77 dive bombers from USS Hornet, USS Yorktown, and USS Belleau Wood arrived at 1730 hours, hitting Zuikaku once with a bomb, causing some damage.
1944年7月13日	USS Hornet spent the day conducting refueling operations.
1944年8月9日	Austin Doyle became the commanding officer of USS Hornet, relieving William Sample.
1944年10月13日	USS Hornet launched a reconnaissance mission over the Japanese Navy seaplane base at Toko Bay (now Dapeng Bay), southern Taiwan.
1944年12月18日	Many ships from the United States Third Fleet, Task Force 38 sailed into Typhoon Cobra in the Philippine Sea. Three destroyers and 790 men were lost.
1945年6月4日	Many ships from the United States Third Fleet, primarily Task Groups 38.1 and 30.8 sailed into Typhoon Connie south of Japan. No ships were lost but 7 men lost their lives.
1945年8月1日	Charles Brown became the commanding officer of USS Hornet, relieving Austin Doyle.
1946年2月14日	Charles Coe became the commanding officer of USS Hornet, relieving Charles Brown.
1946年8月14日	Charles Coe stepped down as the commanding officer of USS Hornet.
1947年1月15日	Hornet (Essex-class) was decommissioned from service.
1951年3月20日	Francis Busey became the commanding officer of USS Hornet.
1951年4月30日	Gorman Merrick became the commanding officer of USS Hornet, relieving Francis Busey.
1951年5月12日	Gorman Merrick stepped down as the commanding officer of USS Hornet.
1953年9月11日	Milton Adolphus became the commanding officer of USS Hornet.
1954年7月19日	Frank Brandley became the commanding officer of USS Hornet, relieving Milton Adolphus.
1955年7月20日	Norwood Campbell became the commanding officer of USS Hornet, relieving Frank Brandley.
1956年8月18日	William Hollister became the commanding officer of USS Hornet, relieving Norwood Campbell.
1957年8月12日	Thomas Connolly became the commanding officer of USS Hornet, relieving William Hollister.
1958年8月25日	Marshall White became the commanding officer of USS Hornet, relieving Thomas Connolly.
1959年11月20日	Ernest Christensen became the commanding officer of USS Hornet, relieving Marshall White.
1960年11月2日	David Richardson became the commanding officer of USS Hornet, relieving Ernest Christensen.
1961年10月18日	Hoyt Mann became the commanding officer of USS Hornet, relieving David Richardson.
1962年9月24日	Ellis Fisher became the commanding officer of USS Hornet, relieving Hoyt Mann.
1963年9月25日	John Hardy became the commanding officer of USS Hornet, relieving Ellis Fisher.
1964年7月15日	Mayo Hadden, Jr. became the commanding officer of USS Hornet, relieving John Hardy.
1965年7月1日	William Pardee became the commanding officer of USS Hornet, relieving Mayo Hadden, Jr.
1966年4月1日	Van Eason, Jr. became the commanding officer of USS Hornet, relieving William Pardee.
1967年2月27日	Gordon Robertson became the commanding officer of USS Hornet, relieving Van Eason, Jr.
1968年2月23日	Jackson Stockton became the commanding officer of USS Hornet, relieving Gordon Robertson.
1969年5月23日	Carl Seiberlich became the commanding officer of USS Hornet, relieving Jackson Stockton.
1970年6月26日	USS Hornet was decommissioned from service.
1989年7月25日	USS Hornet was struck from the US Naval Vessel Register.
1998年5月26日	USS Hornet was donated to the Aircraft Carrier Hornet Foundation.
1998年10月17日	USS Hornet was opened to the public as USS Hornet Museum in Alameda, California, United States.

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Hornet (Essex-class)